https://doi.org/10.37527/2021.71.S1
1Universidad Autónoma De Querétaro, Querétaro, México, 2Insituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Zacatecas, México.
Background. Exercise induces cytokine-mediated immuno-response dependent of time and intensity of the physical activity. Immune bone remodeling markers may be also modified by exercise. We analyzed the differences between serum levels of CRP, IL-1, IL-10, IL-6, osteopontin (OPN) and procalcitonin in master swimmers with different training levels.
Methods. 48 subjects aged 30-70 were divided in two groups. Active Master Swimmers (AMS) had a PAL≤1.6 and regularly performed a non-systematic training, 3-4 days/week, 60 min/day for at least 2 y; Elite Master Swimmers (EMS) had a PAL ≥1.8 with 5 y of experience in systematic mixed (aerobic-anaerobic) swimming competitive training 450 min/week. Body composition, biochemical and immune markers were analyzed.
Results. Swimmers in the EMS group had lower biochemical and body composition parameters, compared to AMS group (glucose, 71.1 vs 90.9 mg/dL; triglycerides, 78 vs 123 mg/dL; cholesterol, 150 vs 190 mg/dL; and Fat Mass Index , 5.3 vs 6.7 kg/m2), However, Fat Free Mass Index 19.4 vs 16.4 kg/m2 and Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (SMMI), 9 vs. 7.3 kg/m2 (p<0.05) were higher in EMS compared to AMS group. Pro-inflammatory interleukins and bone remodelling markers such as CRP (12.5 vs 34.9pg/mL), IL-1β (28.3 vs 52.3 pg/mL), IL-10 (0.8 vs 3.1, pg/mL) and IL-6 (10.2 vs. 16.6 pg/mL), OPN (1.4 vs. 7.8 pg/mL) and procalcitonin (725.6 vs. 8.9 pg/mL) levels were lower in EMS than AMS, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusions. Chronic adaptations due to exercise and systematic training seems to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines. Levels of bone remodeling parameters such as OPN and procalcitonin could be favorable for bone turnover in response to chronic stimuli of systematic competitive training.
Key words: inflammation, immune system, aging, bone remodelling, exercise.